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Managing type 2 diabetes can be a complex and often frustrating journey, especially for women balancing health with the demands of daily life. For those struggling to stabilise blood sugar levels, reduce complications, and achieve weight loss, every new treatment can seem like a potential turning point. This is where semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, has shown significant promise.
Originally developed as a treatment for type 2 diabetes, semaglutide works by enhancing the body’s insulin production and helping to regulate blood sugar levels more effectively. The GLP-1 receptor agonist action promotes insulin release when blood sugar levels rise, which reduces the chance of dangerous blood sugar spikes and helps manage diabetes more predictably.
Beyond its blood sugar control benefits, semaglutide has also been shown to assist in weight loss. Weight gain is often tied to insulin resistance and other metabolic issues associated with diabetes. Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight can be instrumental in controlling blood sugar in women with type-2 diabetes. Semaglutide has become a topic of interest due to its dual benefits for diabetes patients. It offers a valuable advantage for those looking to achieve both diabetes management and a healthier weight.
The Role of Incretin Hormones in Blood Sugar Regulation
Incretin hormones, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), play a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels. Released from the intestines in response to food intake, GLP-1 enhances insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells in a glucose-dependent manner, meaning it stimulates insulin release only when blood glucose levels are elevated. This mechanism helps to prevent hypoglycemia, as insulin is released appropriately according to the body's needs.
Additionally, GLP-1 inhibits glucagon secretion from alpha cells of the pancreas. Glucagon typically acts to raise blood glucose levels by promoting glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver. By reducing glucagon levels, GLP-1 further contributes to lowering blood sugar levels after meals. Furthermore, GLP-1 slows gastric emptying, which helps moderate the rate at which glucose enters the bloodstream following a meal, thus aiding in postprandial glycemic control.
Mechanisms of Action of Semaglutide: How it mimics GLP-1 hormone
With a structural similarity of 94% to human GLP-1, semaglutide binds to and activates the GLP-1 receptor, leading to several beneficial effects on glucose metabolism and appetite regulation.
Semaglutide's mechanisms of action can be categorised into four primary functions:
- Slowing Gastric Emptying: Semaglutide delays gastric emptying, which reduces the speed at which food and glucose enter the bloodstream. This effect helps maintain more stable blood sugar levels after meals by preventing rapid spikes in glucose.
- Increasing Insulin Secretion: By activating GLP-1 receptors on pancreatic beta cells, semaglutide enhances insulin secretion in response to elevated blood glucose levels. This action is particularly important for individuals with type 2 diabetes, as it helps improve glycemic control without risking hypoglycemia when blood glucose levels are normal or low.
- Reducing Glucagon Secretion: Semaglutide also suppresses glucagon release from pancreatic alpha cells. This reduction is critical because it decreases hepatic glucose production, further contributing to lower blood sugar levels during and after meals.
- Enhancing Satiety and Reducing Appetite: Semaglutide influences central nervous system pathways that promote feelings of fullness (satiety) and reduce appetite. By acting on receptors in the hypothalamus, semaglutide helps decrease food intake and cravings, which can lead to weight loss an important aspect of managing type 2 diabetes and obesity.
Clinical Studies Supporting Semaglutide's Efficacy
Several clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of semaglutide in managing type 2 diabetes and promoting weight loss:
- SUSTAIN Trials: These trials consistently showed that semaglutide significantly reduces haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels compared to placebo and other diabetes medications. For instance, SUSTAIN 6 indicated a reduction in major cardiovascular events among patients treated with semaglutide.
- Weight Management Studies: In studies involving obese individuals without diabetes, semaglutide led to significant weight loss compared to placebo groups. The drug's ability to enhance satiety and reduce appetite was key factors contributing to this outcome
The Link Between Type 2 Diabetes and Weight Gain
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are closely interconnected, often creating a vicious cycle that exacerbates both conditions. Individuals with T2D frequently experience weight gain due to several factors:
- Insulin Resistance: T2D is characterised by insulin resistance, which can lead to increased fat storage as the body struggles to utilise glucose effectively. Elevated insulin levels, a result of the pancreas producing more insulin to overcome resistance, promote fat accumulation, particularly in the abdominal area.
- Hormonal Changes: The hormonal environment in individuals with T2D is altered, affecting appetite regulation and metabolism. For instance, elevated levels of glucagon and decreased levels of incretin hormones like GLP-1 can lead to increased hunger and reduced satiety.
- Sedentary Lifestyle: Many individuals with T2D may adopt a sedentary lifestyle due to fatigue or other health complications, further contributing to weight gain.
This interplay between T2D and obesity not only complicates management strategies but also increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and other metabolic disorders.
Safety and Side Effects
Semaglutide is generally well-tolerated, but it can cause side effects. Common adverse effects include:
- Gastrointestinal Issues: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and constipation are frequently reported. In clinical trials, up to 20% of participants experienced nausea during the initial weeks of treatment. These symptoms often diminish over time as the body adjusts.
- Hypoglycemia: When used in conjunction with other diabetes medications (like insulin or sulfonylureas), there is an increased risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) due to the combined effects of these drugs. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include shakiness, sweating, confusion, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness.
- Pancreatitis: There is a potential risk of pancreatitis associated with semaglutide use. Clinical studies have reported cases of acute pancreatitis in patients using GLP-1 receptor agonists.
Potential Drug Interactions
Semaglutide has numerous drug interactions that women should consider:
- Major Interactions: Semaglutide interacts with 265 known drugs, including anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin) and other diabetes medications like sulfonylureas and insulin. These combinations can heighten the risk of hypoglycemia or bleeding complications.
- Moderate Interactions: Certain medications may alter the absorption or effectiveness of semaglutide due to its effect on gastric emptying. For example, oral contraceptives may have altered absorption when taken concurrently with semaglutide.
Conclusion
Semaglutide offers a promising dual approach for managing type 2 diabetes and supporting weight loss, particularly for women balancing complex health needs. By mimicking natural GLP-1 hormones, it helps regulate blood sugar, enhances insulin release, reduces appetite, and promotes weight loss. Clinical trials show significant benefits in both glycemic control and cardiovascular outcomes. While generally well-tolerated, users should be aware of potential side effects and drug interactions. Consulting a healthcare professional is essential to determine if semaglutide is the right fit for individual needs. For many, semaglutide represents a valuable step toward better diabetes management and a healthier lifestyle.
If you have any questions regarding using semaglutide for weight loss then please do not hesitate to reach out to us at SheMed for personalised support and guidance. Note* - At SheMed, we prescribe GLP-1 medications strictly for weight loss and do not offer treatment to individuals taking insulin or other type 2 diabetes medications that may interact.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. How long does it take to see improvements in blood sugar control with semaglutide?
Many people report improved blood sugar control within the first few weeks of starting semaglutide. However, the full effect may take several months as your body adjusts to the medication. Regular monitoring with your healthcare provider will help track progress.
2. Will I definitely lose weight on semaglutide?
Weight loss with semaglutide is common, but individual results vary. Studies have shown that about 70% of individuals experience significant weight loss, which is generally an added benefit rather than a guaranteed outcome. It works best when combined with a balanced diet and regular physical activity.
3. Is semaglutide safe for long-term use?
Semaglutide is considered safe for long-term use under medical supervision. Clinical trials have demonstrated its effectiveness and safety over extended periods, but your healthcare provider can help determine if it’s the right option for your long-term diabetes and weight management.
4. Are there any common side effects I should be aware of?
The most common side effects of semaglutide include mild nausea, gastrointestinal discomfort, and occasional headaches. These side effects typically lessen as your body adjusts to the medication. If side effects persist, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider for guidance.
5. How is semaglutide administered, and can I take it at home?
Semaglutide is usually taken as a once-weekly injection. Most patients can administer it at home after receiving guidance from a healthcare professional, making it a convenient option for many people with busy schedules.
6. Can I continue with my current diet and lifestyle while taking semaglutide?
Although semaglutide aids in blood sugar and weight management, making adjustments to your diet and lifestyle can enhance its effectiveness. Incorporating a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and healthy lifestyle choices will improve results and support overall health.
References
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2022). Physiology, GLP-1 receptor agonists. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK603723/
- Frontiers. (n.d.). Molecular mechanisms of semaglutide and liraglutide as a therapeutic option for obesity. Frontiers in Endocrinology. Retrieved from Frontiers
- Marso, S. P., Bain, S. C., Consoli, A., Eliaschewitz, F. G., Jódar, E., Leiter, L. A., ... & Buse, J. B. (2017). Cardiovascular safety and benefits of semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes: Findings from SUSTAIN 6 and PIONEER 6. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 19(9), 1200–1209. Retrieved from ResearchGate
- Imeryüz, N., & Yazıcı, D. (2012). Efficacy and safety of semaglutide on weight loss in obese or overweight patients without diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PubMed. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22776039/
- Wilding, J. P. H., Batterham, R. L., Calanna, S., Davies, M., Van Gaal, L. F., Lingvay, I., ... & Ahrén, B. (2021). Long-term weight loss effects of semaglutide in obesity without diabetes in the SELECT trial. Obesity (Silver Spring), 29(3), 311-319. PubMed. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
When new medical studies are released, they can feel full of numbers and complex terms. At SheMed, our role is to help you understand what they really mean for you, your health, and your future.
Recently, Novo Nordisk released the results of the STEER study, one of the most significant pieces of research yet on GLP-1 medicines like Wegovy. And the findings show something powerful: Wegovy is not only about weight loss, it’s also about heart health.
The Big Picture: What the STEER Study Looked At
The STEER study explored how GLP-1 medicines affect heart health in people living with Overweight or Obesity and established cardiovascular disease (but without diabetes).
Researchers compared Wegovy (Semaglutide 2.4mg) with Tirzepatide (Mounjaro). They focused on the risk of serious heart problems, what doctors call “major adverse cardiovascular events” (MACE). These include:
- Heart attack
- Stroke
- Death from heart disease
What They Found
The results were striking:
- For people who stayed on treatment without big gaps, Wegovy reduced the risk of heart attack, stroke, or cardiovascular death by 57% more than Mounjaro.
- When looking at all treated people, even those with breaks in care Wegovy still showed a 29% reduction in these serious events overall.
In short, Wegovy is not only helping people lose weight, it is also showing clear cardiovascular protection, especially when used consistently.
Why This Matters for You
We’ve always known GLP-1 medicines are powerful tools for weight loss, but the STEER study highlights something even bigger: they can also protect your heart. For anyone living with Obesity and cardiovascular disease, this is game-changing.
It also reinforces an important truth - long-term commitment matters most. The people who saw the greatest benefits were those who stayed consistent with their medication. That’s why at SheMed, we design every part of our programme to keep you supported, motivated, and engaged for the long run.
The SheMed Difference: Seeing the Bigger Picture
Medication is only one part of your health journey. At SheMed, we combine Wegovy with wraparound care:
- Regular blood tests to track key markers like cholesterol, blood sugar, and liver health.
- Weekly check-ins and app reminders to help you stay on track.
- Education and content designed specifically for women, covering sleep, hormones, activity, and nutrition.
- Proactive Side effect care and support to keep you comfortable and supported as your body adjusts.
This holistic approach matters because weight loss is just one marker of progress. By running blood tests before starting the programme, at 6 months, and 12 months, we can show you the deeper changes happening inside your body, improvements in cholesterol, blood sugar, and overall metabolic health.
It means you’ll see the true value of GLP-1s, not just in how you look or feel, but in the measurable ways your health is improving and your risks are reducing.
Why Wegovy Through SheMed Makes Sense
At SheMed, we’ve worked hard to make Wegovy accessible and affordable. With static, transparent pricing across doses, our members know exactly what they’re paying. That means no hidden surprises and no price hikes as you move up through titration.
When you combine that cost benefit with the evidence from STEER that Wegovy offers not just weight loss but cardiovascular protection the case for choosing Wegovy through SheMed becomes even stronger.
You’re not just investing in weight management; you’re investing in heart health, future health, and a programme designed to keep you safe and supported every step of the way.
The Future of Health With SheMed
The STEER study is a reminder that the story of GLP-1s is still unfolding and it’s about so much more than weight loss. These medicines are changing how we think about obesity, cardiovascular health, and long-term wellbeing.
At SheMed, we’ll continue to keep you informed as new research emerges, but more importantly, we’ll keep showing you the bigger picture through your own results. With every blood test, every milestone, and every step forward, you’ll see how far you’ve come not just in weight, but in health.
Because at SheMed, you’re not just losing weight. You’re gaining health, protecting your future, and building the strongest version of you.
Wegovy has quickly become a key treatment option in obesity management, particularly for adults living with excess weight and health conditions linked to obesity.
With recent price increases for Mounjaro®, another GLP-1 medication, many patients and healthcare providers are now turning to Wegovy as a strong alternative.
Clinical research shows that Wegovy can deliver significant weight loss results, often comparable to those seen with Mounjaro, making it one of the most effective options currently available.
Recent news and clinical trial data reveal that higher doses of Wegovy specifically at 7.2 mg weekly, have led to average weight loss of around 21% in adults with obesity, with approximately one-third of participants achieving a weight loss of 25% or more over 72 weeks. This is notably greater than the 15% average weight loss seen at the standard 2.4 mg dose.
Latest Clinical Data on Higher Doses
The 2025 STEP UP phase 3b trial evaluated semaglutide at both 7.2 mg and 2.4 mg weekly doses versus placebo in people with obesity who did not have diabetes. The results indicated a clear dose-response effect:
- Mean weight loss was 21% at 7.2 mg, compared to 17.5% at 2.4 mg, and much lower with placebo.
- Specifically, 51% of those on 7.2 mg lost at least 20% of their body weight, and 33% achieved a reduction of 25% or more.
- For 2.4 mg, 35% lost 20% or more, and 17% achieved 25% or greater weight loss.
Regulatory and Safety Considerations
- Novo Nordisk has announced plans to seek regulatory approval for the higher 7.2 mg dose in the EU and other regions in late 2025.
- Safety and tolerability of the 7.2 mg weekly dose were consistent with the known profile of semaglutide, with gastrointestinal side effects remaining most common, except for a low discontinuation rate for adverse effects (about 3%).
- These findings extend the potential of Wegovy for people requiring greater degrees of weight loss, emphasising the dose-dependent effect of semaglutide GLP-1 therapy.
Comparing New findings with Mounjaro
At higher doses (7.2 mg), Wegovy has demonstrated weight loss outcomes that closely mirror those achieved with Mounjaro. Clinical data show an average 21% reduction in body weight over 72 weeks with Wegovy, with around half of patients reaching at least 20% weight loss. By comparison, Mounjaro studies report average reductions of up to 22–23% at higher doses over a similar treatment duration. While Wegovy’s 7.2 mg dose remains under regulatory review and is not yet standard practice, these findings highlight that patients considering a switch may be able to achieve results that are highly comparable to those seen with Mounjaro, offering another strong option in pharmacological obesity management.
Head-to-head style snapshot (72-week outcomes)
In conclusion, if you are considering switching from Mounjaro to Wegovy, now is an excellent opportunity. Wegovy offers a highly effective alternative for weight management with similar clinical results, and - importantly - comes at a considerably lower price, especially as Mounjaro prices are set to rise sharply in the UK from September 2025. Choosing Wegovy can help maintain your weight loss goals while making your treatment more affordable.
If you have any questions or need personalised advice about making the switch, please do not hesitate to contact the Shemed support team at support@shemed.com.
References
- ClinicalTrials.gov. (2024, December 12). A research study to see how semaglutide helps people with excess weight, lose weight (STEP UP) (NCT05646706). U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05646706
- Wilding, J. P. H., Batterham, R. L., Calanna, S., Davies, M., Van Gaal, L. F., Lingvay, I., McGowan, B. M., Rosenstock, J., Tran, M. T., Wadden, T. A., Wharton, S., Yokote, K., Zeuthen, N., Kushner, R. F., & STEP 1 Study Group. (2021). Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity. The New England Journal of Medicine, 384(11), 989–1002. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2032183
- Jastreboff, A. M., Aronne, L. J., Ahmad, N. N., Wharton, S., Connery, L., Alves, B., Kiyosue, A., Zhang, S., Liu, B., Bunck, M. C., & Wadden, T. A. (2022). Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity. The New England Journal of Medicine, 387(3), 205–216. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2206038
- American Diabetes Association (ADA). (2025, June). STEP UP trial: Semaglutide 7.2 mg in adults with obesity without type 2 diabetes [Conference presentation]. ADA 85th Scientific Sessions, Chicago, IL. Retrieved from https://diabetesjournals.org/ (poster abstract ePoster 446-P).
- Novo Nordisk. (2025, June 9). Semaglutide 7.2 mg shows ~21% weight loss at 72 weeks in STEP UP trial [Press release]. Retrieved from https://www.novonordisk.com/