GLP-1 Medications and Hormonal Balance in Women

Dr Amit Kumar Singh

•

min read

Have you ever felt like no matter what you do—whether it’s cutting carbs, exercising more, or trying every weight loss trend—the scale just won’t budge? Or perhaps your weight fluctuates unpredictably, leaving you feeling frustrated, exhausted, and unsure of what’s really going on with your body. If this sounds familiar, you’re not alone. For many women, weight loss isn’t just about calories in versus calories out it’s deeply tied to hormonal balance.

Hormones like insulin, estrogen, and cortisol play a powerful role in metabolism, appetite regulation, and fat storage. When they’re out of sync, the usual weight loss advice can feel impossible to follow, and progress can seem painfully slow. This is where GLP-1 receptor agonists medications like Mounjaro and Wegovy are changing the game. Originally developed for diabetes, these medications have shown remarkable success in helping women not only lose weight but also regain control over their metabolic health.

But how exactly do GLP-1 medications influence hormones? Can they help restore balance to a system that often feels unpredictable whether due to PCOS, menopause, or insulin resistance? And most importantly, what does this mean for women struggling with stubborn weight gain despite their best efforts? Let’s explore how these medications interact with key hormones and what this means for long-term success in managing both weight and overall well-being.

‍

GLP-1 Agonists and Hormonal Balance

Potential Effects on Menstrual Cycle Regularity

GLP-1 agonists have shown promising effects on menstrual cycle regularity, particularly in women with PCOS. Research indicates that these medications can help restore regular ovulation, which is often disrupted in women with PCOS due to hormonal imbalances.

Research Insights

A meta-analysis found that treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists resulted in a significant improvement in menstrual regularity among participants, with a standardised mean difference (SMD) of 1.72 (95% CI 0.60 to 2.85, P < 0.001) compared to control groups. This improvement is crucial for women seeking to conceive, as regular ovulatory cycles are directly linked to fertility .

Impact on Hormone Levels During Menopause

While specific research on the effects of GLP-1 agonists during menopause is limited, the role of these medications in managing weight and improving insulin sensitivity can have positive implications for menopausal symptoms.

As oestrogen levels decline during menopause, many women experience weight gain and increased insulin resistance, which can exacerbate symptoms such as hot flushes and mood swings. By promoting weight loss and enhancing metabolic health, GLP-1 agonists may help alleviate some of these symptoms.

Interactions with Hormonal Contraceptives

The interaction between GLP-1 agonists and hormonal contraceptives is an area that requires careful consideration. While there is limited data on how GLP-1 agonists affect the efficacy of hormonal contraceptives, it is essential for women using these medications to consult healthcare providers regarding potential interactions.

Clinical Insights

A study suggests that the weight loss associated with GLP-1 agonist use may enhance the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives by improving metabolic parameters that influence hormone levels. For example, improved insulin sensitivity may optimise the conditions under which hormonal contraceptives operate effectively.

Potential Effects on Thyroid Function

Impact on Thyroid Hormone Levels

The relationship between GLP-1 agonist and thyroid function has garnered attention due to concerns about their potential impact on thyroid hormone levels. A meta-analysis found that the use of GLP-1 agonists was associated with an increased risk of overall thyroid disorders, although no significant effects were observed on specific conditions such as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism . This suggests that while there may be an association with thyroid disorders, the exact nature of this relationship warrants further investigation.

Potential for Thyroid Dysfunction

Concerns have been raised regarding the potential for thyroid dysfunction associated with long-term use of GLP-1 agonists. Some animal studies have indicated that chronic exposure to these medications may lead to thyroid C-cell hyperplasia and tumours; however, evidence from human studies remains inconclusive.

A large-scale study involving over 145,000 participants treated with GLP-1 agonists found no significant increase in thyroid cancer risk compared to those treated with other diabetes medications. This highlights the need for ongoing research to clarify the potential risks associated with GLP-1 agonists and thyroid health.

Benefits of GLP-1 Agonists for Hormonal Health

The Link Between Weight Loss and Hormonal Balance

Weight loss plays a crucial role in restoring hormonal balance, particularly for women suffering from conditions like PCOS. Excess body weight is often associated with increased insulin resistance and elevated androgen levels, which can disrupt the delicate hormonal equilibrium necessary for regular menstrual cycles and overall reproductive health.

Research Insights

A study shows that even a modest weight loss of 5-10% can lead to significant improvements in metabolic health and hormonal balance. It demonstrates that GLP-1 receptor agonists effectively promote weight loss in women with PCOS, leading to improved insulin sensitivity and reduced androgen levels .

How GLP-1 Agonists Can Help Regulate Insulin Levels

GLP-1 agonists work by mimicking the action of the hormone GLP-1, which stimulates insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. This means that they help lower blood sugar levels while also enhancing insulin sensitivity.

A systematic review and meta-analysis conducted on obese individuals with insulin resistance found that treatment with GLP-1 agonists significantly improved insulin signalling in adipose tissue, leading to better glucose metabolism and reduced fat accumulation. By improving insulin sensitivity, GLP-1 agonists can help mitigate the effects of insulin resistance, thereby fostering a more favourable hormonal environment.

The Role of Androgens in PCOS and Other Hormonal Imbalances

Androgens, such as testosterone, play a significant role in various hormonal imbalances, particularly in women with PCOS. Elevated levels of these hormones can lead to symptoms such as hirsutism (excessive hair growth), acne, and irregular menstrual cycles. In PCOS patients, high insulin levels often stimulate ovarian androgen production, exacerbating these symptoms. Research indicates that managing insulin resistance is key to reducing androgen levels and alleviating related symptoms.

How GLP-1 Agonists May Help Reduce Androgen Levels

GLP-1 agonists have been shown to have a positive effect on reducing androgen levels in women with PCOS. A systematic review comparing the efficacy of GLP-1 agonists to metformin found that GLP-1 receptor agonists were more effective at lowering testosterone levels and improving menstrual regularity among obese women with PCOS . Specifically, the review reported that GLP-1 agonists resulted in a significant reduction in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, which are critical factors influencing androgen production.

Additionally, GLP-1 agonists may help regulate hormone levels by improving insulin sensitivity. As insulin resistance decreases, the overproduction of androgens can also diminish.

Effects of Liraglutide on Body - A Randomized Controlled trial

A study indicated that liraglutide, a type of GLP-1 agonist, treatment led to decreased serum testosterone levels and improved ovulatory function among women with PCOS. This dual action promoting weight loss while simultaneously improving insulin sensitivity underscores the potential of GLP-1 agonists as an effective treatment option for managing hormonal imbalances associated with PCOS.

Potential Side Effects and Considerations

Common Side Effects of GLP-1 Agonists

GLP-1 agonists are generally well-tolerated, but they can cause several common side effects, particularly gastrointestinal symptoms. These include:

Nausea: This is one of the most frequently reported side effects. Studies indicate that approximately 20-30% of patients experience nausea when starting treatment with GLP-1 agonists, especially during the initial titration period. The nausea often diminishes over time as the body adjusts to the medication.
Vomiting: Alongside nausea, vomiting can occur in some patients. In clinical trials, about 5-10% of participants reported vomiting as a side effect, particularly with higher doses of the medication.
Diarrhoea: Diarrhoea is another common gastrointestinal issue associated with GLP-1 agonists. Research shows that around 10-15% of patients may experience diarrhoea, which can also improve with continued use.

Other gastrointestinal symptoms can include abdominal pain, constipation, and dyspepsia (indigestion). In rare cases, more severe adverse events such as pancreatitis and biliary colic may occur, necessitating discontinuation of the medication.

Importance of Consulting with a Healthcare Provider

Given the potential for side effects and individual variability in response to GLP-1 agonists, it is crucial for patients to consult with healthcare providers before starting treatment. A healthcare provider can help assess whether GLP-1 agonists are suitable based on an individual's medical history, current health status, and specific needs.

Individual Susceptibility: The onset and severity of side effects can vary significantly among individuals. Factors such as existing gastrointestinal conditions, other medications being taken, and overall health can influence how well a patient tolerates GLP-1 agonists. For example, patients with a history of gastroparesis (delayed gastric emptying) may be more susceptible to nausea and vomiting when taking these medications .

Titration and Dose Adjustment: Healthcare providers often recommend a gradual dose escalation to minimise side effects. Starting at a lower dose and gradually increasing it allows the body to adjust more comfortably to the medication. This approach can help mitigate gastrointestinal symptoms and improve overall tolerance.

Monitoring for Severe Symptoms: Patients should be aware of potential severe side effects that require immediate medical attention. For instance, persistent nausea or abdominal pain could indicate pancreatitis, which is a serious condition that necessitates discontinuation of the medication and further evaluation. Regular follow-up appointments are essential for monitoring progress and managing any adverse effects effectively.

Conclusion

GLP-1 agonists represent a significant advancement in the management of weight and metabolic health, particularly for women facing challenges related to conditions like PCOS. These medications not only promote weight loss and improve insulin sensitivity but also help regulate hormonal balance by reducing androgen levels. Effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor agonists in improving menstrual regularity and reducing testosterone levels in PCOS patients is substantial.

Consulting with a healthcare provider is crucial to assess individual needs and determine the suitability of GLP-1 agonists based on personal health history and circumstances. Healthcare providers can offer invaluable insights into managing side effects, adjusting dosages, and ensuring that the treatment aligns with the patient’s health goals.

Reach out to us at SheMed for personalised support and guidance, and don’t forget to share our blogs with friends and family who might benefit from this information.

References

McCance-Katz, E. F., & Kosten, T. R. (2020). Opioid withdrawal. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551568/
Aroda, V. R., Frias, J. P., Al-Sabbagh, A., et al. (2023). Efficacy and safety of tirzepatide as add-on therapy to basal insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38286487/
Allison, J. P., & Wei, Y. (2022). The role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(4), 1176. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9029608/
Taha, D., & Seibert, T. (2022). GLP-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes management: Current perspectives. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, 15, 2881–2892. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9405922/
Hernandez, A. F., Green, J. B., Janmohamed, S., et al. (2019). Albiglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (Harmony Outcomes): Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31593246/
Wild, S., Roglic, G., Green, A., Sicree, R., & King, H. (2004). Global prevalence of diabetes: Estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care, 27(5), 1047–1053. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11202033/
Frias, J. P., Wynne, A. G., Vanicek, J., et al. (2023). Efficacy and safety of once-weekly retatrutide in adults with obesity (TRIUMPH). Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38708040/
Kosten, T. R., & Baxter, L. E. (2019). Opioid withdrawal. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551568/
Davies, M. J., D'Alessio, D. A., Fradkin, J., et al. (2018). Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2018. Diabetes Care, 41(12), 2669–2701. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29569621/
Shcherban, O., & Dzhus, I. (2022). The effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on metabolic profile in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Public Health and Management, 22(1), 103–109. Available at: https://ouci.dntb.gov.ua/en/works/lxK5x6P4/

‍

Share this post

https://ea-wip-shemed-uk.webflow.io/blog/glp-1-medications-and-hormonal-balance-in-women

Weight Loss

What are GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and How Do They Work?

If you’re one of many women dealing with challenges like type 2 diabetes or obesity, you’re not alone. In fact, nearly 1 in 4 women are affected by obesity, a statistic that highlights how widespread this issue is and the complex struggles so many face on their journey toward health.

Hormones, stress, and the body’s unique metabolic needs of women can make weight loss feel like an uphill battle. But emerging treatments like GLP-1 receptor agonists are providing new hope. These medications have been shown to not only support weight loss but also help manage blood sugar levels, addressing two common struggles that often feel impossible to tackle simultaneously.

What Are GLP-1 Agonists?

GLP-1 agonists are medicines that help people with type 2 diabetes and those who want to lose weight. They copy the action of a natural hormone in your body called GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1), which is released after you eat. This hormone helps your body lower blood sugar, makes you feel full, and slows down how quickly your stomach empties, so you don’t feel hungry as often.

GLP-1 receptor agonists work by mimicking a natural hormone in the body, offering a balanced approach that doesn’t rely solely on restrictive dieting or vigorous exercise. They’re scientifically designed to act on appetite and blood sugar control, and research has shown their effectiveness in helping people lose significant weight and improve their blood sugar levels.

So, if you’ve been frustrated by the same struggles over and over, it might be time to explore this newer option.

The Role of GLP-1 Receptors in the Body

The effectiveness of GLP-1 hormones hinges on their interaction with GLP-1 receptors, which are located in several key organs in the body: the brain, pancreas, gut, and liver. These receptors are responsible for mediating the biological effects of GLP-1, including appetite suppression and insulin regulation.

1. In the Brain

GLP-1 receptors in the hypothalamus (the region of the brain that controls hunger) are crucial for regulating appetite. When GLP-1 binds to these receptors, it signals that you’re full, which reduces the urge to eat. This is particularly important for those who struggle with overeating due to constant hunger or cravings. A study demonstrated that activation of GLP-1 receptors in the brain led to reduced caloric intake and improved appetite control in both humans and animals.

2. In the Pancreas

In the pancreas, GLP-1 receptors help regulate blood sugar by stimulating insulin release when glucose levels rise after eating. This helps prevent the dangerous spikes in blood sugar that are common in people with obesity or type 2 diabetes. Studies show that GLP-1 agonists improve insulin secretion and reduce glucagon levels, which results in better glucose control. In the clinical trials, GLP-1 agonists like semaglutide have shown improvements in both weight loss and blood sugar regulation.

3. In the Gut

GLP-1 receptors in the gut play a role in slowing gastric emptying, which prolongs the feeling of fullness after meals. This is why people taking GLP-1 agonists like Wegovy often report feeling satisfied longer after eating and experience reduced food cravings. A study found that slower gastric emptying was a key factor in the increased satiety and reduced hunger experienced by participants taking GLP-1 agonists.

How Do GLP-1 Agonists Regulate Appetite and Blood Sugar?

GLP-1 agonists are medications designed to mimic the natural hormone GLP-1. They work by binding to GLP-1 receptors in the body. GLP-1 agonists regulate both appetite and blood sugar in ways that can significantly aid weight loss, particularly in individuals with obesity. Here’s how:

Appetite Regulation

GLP-1 plays a critical role in regulating satiety, the feeling of fullness after eating. When GLP-1 binds to receptors in the brain, particularly in the hypothalamus (which controls hunger), it sends signals that reduce appetite and increase feelings of fullness. This makes it easier for people to eat smaller portions and avoid overeating.

Scientific evidence:

In a 2016 study researchers found that GLP-1 receptor activation led to a significant reduction in food intake, promoting satiety and curbing the desire to snack between meals (Jall et al., 2016).
Clinical trials of GLP-1 agonists have consistently shown that these medications can help reduce hunger and prevent overeating, leading to weight loss.
In a study participants who were treated with semaglutide (the active ingredient in Wegovy) reported a significant reduction in appetite, which contributed to an average weight loss of 14.9% of body weight over 68 weeks.

Blood Sugar Regulation

GLP-1 agonists also plays an essential role in controlling blood sugar levels, particularly after meals. After eating, GLP-1 stimulates the pancreas to release insulin, which helps regulate blood glucose levels by facilitating the absorption of sugar into cells. At the same time, GLP-1 inhibits the release of glucagon, which prevents the liver from producing excess glucose. This balancing act helps lower blood sugar levels, an essential mechanism for those with insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes.

Scientific Evidence: Research has shown that GLP-1 agonists can significantly improve insulin sensitivity and help regulate blood sugar. A study demonstrated that semaglutide improved insulin sensitivity and reduced HbA1c levels (a marker of long-term blood sugar control) in individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes. This dual benefit of appetite control and blood sugar regulation is one reason why GLP-1 agonists are considered a promising treatment for both obesity and type 2 diabetes.

What GLP-1 Agonist Options Are Available in the UK?

There are several GLP-1 agonist medicines available in the UK, used for either type 2 diabetes or weight loss:

*Note: Tirzepatide (Mounjaro) is a dual-action medicine but is often grouped with GLP-1 agonists.

For weight loss, the main options are Wegovy (semaglutide), Saxenda (liraglutide), and Mounjaro (tirzepatide).
For type 2 diabetes, options include Ozempic (semaglutide), Rybelsus (oral semaglutide), Trulicity (dulaglutide), Victoza (liraglutide), Bydureon (exenatide), and Lyxumia (lixisenatide).

Conclusion

GLP-1 receptor agonists are key medications for type 2 diabetes and obesity, working to lower blood sugar and aid weight loss by reducing appetite. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting GLP-1s and combine them with a healthy diet and exercise for best results. For a tailored weight loss plan including a vital blood test, consider the SheMed Weight Loss Programme.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How effective are GLP-1 receptor agonists for weight loss and blood sugar control?

Studies have shown that GLP-1 receptor agonists can be effective for both blood sugar control and weight loss. On average, patients using these medications can achieve significant reductions in HbA1c (a marker of blood sugar control) and weight loss of around 3–14% of their body weight, depending on the medication and lifestyle changes. Results vary by individual, and effectiveness is usually evaluated after 6 months of treatment.

2. How are GLP-1 receptor agonists administered?

Most GLP-1 receptor agonists are administered via injection, typically once a week. Your healthcare provider will guide you on the correct self-injection technique and discuss proper storage of the medication.

3. Do GLP-1 receptor agonists have cardiovascular benefits?

Yes, some GLP-1 receptor agonists, such as liraglutide and semaglutide, have been shown to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. For individuals at high cardiovascular risk, these medications provide an added protective benefit alongside blood sugar management.

References

Department of Health and Social Care. (2024, May). Obesity Profile: Short statistical commentary. GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/obesity-profile-may-2024
Drucker, D. J. (2020). Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). PubMed. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33767808/
Frias, J. P., Davies, M. J., Rosenstock, J., Perez Manghi, F. C., Fernández Landó, L., Bergman, B. K., Liu, B., Cui, X., & Brown, K. (2021). Tirzepatide versus semaglutide once weekly in patients with type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 385(6), 503-515. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34942372/
Wilding, J. P. H., Batterham, R. L., Calanna, S., Davies, M., Van Gaal, L. F., Lingvay, I., McGowan, B. M., Rosenstock, J., Tran, M. T., Wadden, T. A., Wharton, S., Yokote, K., Zeuthen, N., & Kushner, R. F. (2021). Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity. New England Journal of Medicine, 384, 989–1002. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35658024/
Garvey, W. T., Birkenfeld, A. L., Dicker, D., Mingrone, G., Pedersen, S. D., Satylganova, A., Skovgaard, D., & McGowan, B. M. (2024). Efficacy of semaglutide in subjects with obesity and prediabetes: Sustained effects after 2 years of treatment. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 109(4), 1234–1246. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10341852/
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). (n.d.). CKS is only available in the UK. NICE. Retrieved from https://cks.nice.org.uk
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). (2015). Type 2 diabetes in adults: Management (NG28). NICE. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng28

Weight Loss

Is Your Health Stopping You from Losing Weight? Here’s What to Check

Weight loss is a deeply personal journey, but for many women it comes with unique challenges that require careful thought and planning. From understanding the role of medical history to navigating the effects of medications and hormonal health, medical considerations often play a crucial role in determining success. Have you ever found yourself struggling with stubborn weight that refuses to budge despite your best efforts? Or perhaps you've started a weight loss programme only to encounter unexpected health issues along the way. These situations are more common than you might think, and they underscore the importance of factoring in medical conditions, treatments, and overall health into any weight loss plan.

A study highlighted that nearly 60% of women experience weight loss resistance due to underlying medical conditions, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid dysfunction, or medication-related side effects. What’s more, the growing availability of medications like GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., Wegovy, Mounjaro) has opened new doors for managing weight, but their effectiveness often depends on proper medical guidance and personalised care.

Whether you’re just starting your weight loss journey or struggling to achieve results, we’ll dive into the importance of reviewing your medical history, understanding how medications can impact your efforts, and when to seek specialist care. Armed with this knowledge, you’ll be better equipped to take a holistic and health-first approach to reaching your goals.

Understanding Your Health: A Comprehensive Approach to Weight Loss

Weight loss is not just about diet and exercise; it’s a deeply personal journey influenced by various health factors. A thorough understanding of one's medical history and current medications is essential for a safe and effective weight loss strategy. Here’s why these elements matter:

Medical History: A Foundation for Effective Weight Loss

A complete review of medical history helps identify factors that may influence weight loss. For instance, conditions like hypothyroidism, PCOS, or metabolic syndrome can hinder weight loss despite rigorous efforts. Chronic illnesses like cardiovascular disease or diabetes may also require tailored interventions.

A clinical study highlighted that individuals with untreated hypothyroidism experienced slower weight loss, even when following calorie-restricted diets and exercise regimens. Treating the thyroid condition before starting weight loss interventions significantly improved outcomes. Undiagnosed conditions can lead to frustration and ineffective weight loss attempts. Understanding underlying conditions allows healthcare providers to design personalised strategies.

Current Medications: Navigating the Complexities

The Impact of Medications on Weight and Metabolism
Certain medications can affect weight, either by promoting weight gain or hindering metabolism. For example:

Medications that may cause weight gain: Antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs), antipsychotics, corticosteroids, and insulin.
Medications that may aid weight loss: GLP-1 receptor agonists like Wegovy or Mounjaro.

A meta-analysis found that individuals using GLP-1 receptor agonists experienced an average weight reduction of 12–15% of their baseline body weight over 68 weeks, compared to minimal weight loss in those using a placebo. However, patients on beta-blockers for hypertension reported slower metabolic rates, impacting their overall progress.

Understanding Drug Interactions with Weight Loss Treatments

Drug interactions can diminish the efficacy of weight loss medications or cause adverse effects. Patients taking blood thinners like warfarin need careful monitoring if prescribed GLP-1 medications, as they can alter INR levels. Combining multiple medications affecting appetite or metabolism can lead to unexpected side effects, such as nausea or dizziness.

A study reported that individuals taking GLP-1 medications along with metformin experienced a synergistic effect, improving glycaemic control and promoting weight loss. Conversely, patients on corticosteroids saw minimal weight change due to medication-induced fluid retention.

Assessing Your Health: The Science Behind a Holistic Approach

Before embarking on any weight loss or health improvement journey, a thorough health assessment is critical. By evaluating key indicators like Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference, and blood tests, one can better understand their unique health profile and tailor strategies to meet specific needs. Here's a closer look at the science behind these essential measures.

BMI - Understanding Its Role and Limitations

BMI is a widely used measure that compares an individual’s weight to their height to categorize them as underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese. While useful as a general guideline, BMI does not account for factors like muscle mass, fat distribution, or ethnic differences.

A person with a BMI of 28 (classified as overweight) who has a high muscle mass may actually have a healthy body fat percentage. Conversely, someone with a BMI within the "normal" range but a high visceral fat level may be at risk for metabolic diseases. A study highlighted BMI’s limitations, showing that nearly 30% of individuals classified as obese based on BMI alone were metabolically healthy. Similarly, 15% of individuals with a normal BMI had metabolic dysfunctions like insulin resistance or high blood pressure.

Other Health Markers to Consider

Waist Circumference: This is a key indicator of visceral fat, which surrounds vital organs. A study found that individuals with waist circumferences above 35 inches (women) and 40 inches (men) were at higher risk of cardiovascular disease, irrespective of BMI.
Body Fat Percentage: Tools like bioelectrical impedance or DEXA scans provide a clearer picture of body composition. A study emphasized that a body fat percentage above 30% in women and 25% in men significantly increased the risk of diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

Blood Tests: Unveiling Hidden Health Insights

Blood tests are invaluable for identifying underlying health issues that may affect weight loss and overall well-being. Key tests to consider include:

1. Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP):

Assesses liver and kidney function, electrolyte balance, and blood sugar levels. Elevated fasting blood sugar may indicate insulin resistance, a common hurdle in weight loss.

2. Lipid Profile:

Measures cholesterol and triglycerides to evaluate cardiovascular risk. A study found that reducing LDL cholesterol improved weight loss outcomes by enhancing metabolic health.

3. Vitamin and Mineral Levels:

Vitamin D Deficiency: Linked to slower weight loss and increased fat storage. A clinical trial found that supplementing vitamin D in deficient individuals improved fat metabolism.
Iron Levels: Low iron can lead to fatigue, reducing exercise capacity.

4. Thyroid Function Tests: Measures TSH, T3, and T4 levels to detect hypothyroidism, a condition that slows metabolism and makes weight loss challenging.

5. Inflammatory Markers: Tests like C-reactive protein (CRP) can reveal chronic inflammation, which has been linked to weight gain and metabolic dysfunction. A 2 study demonstrated that reducing CRP levels through dietary changes and exercise improved weight loss outcomes.

Real-Life Impact of a Comprehensive Assessment

In a clinical study participants underwent detailed health assessments, including BMI, waist circumference, blood tests, and body fat analysis. Those with personalised weight loss plans based on their results experienced a 20% higher success rate in achieving their goals compared to those who relied on BMI alone.

Key Takeaways for Your Health Assessment

Look Beyond BMI: Combine BMI with waist circumference and body fat percentage for a clearer picture of health risks.
Prioritise Essential Blood Tests: Test for blood sugar, cholesterol, and thyroid function to identify metabolic roadblocks. Check for nutrient deficiencies like vitamin D or iron to optimise energy levels and fat metabolism.
Focus on Personalised Interventions: Use the data to craft a weight loss plan that addresses individual needs, ensuring sustainable results.

Consulting a Healthcare Professional: The Key to Safe and Effective Weight Loss

Effective weight loss is more than just a matter of willpower—it often requires professional guidance to address underlying health issues and ensure long-term success. Consulting healthcare professionals, from General Practitioners (GPs) to specialists, can provide the necessary medical expertise and personalised care to meet unique weight loss goals.

The Role of a GP in Weight Loss Management

General Practitioners are the first point of contact for medical advice, making them essential in weight loss management. GPs assess overall health, identify underlying conditions, and recommend tailored approaches based on individual needs.

Key Contributions of GPs:

Initial Health Assessments:

GPs evaluate medical history, perform physical exams, and order diagnostic tests like blood panels to identify barriers such as thyroid dysfunction or insulin resistance. A study reported that GPs diagnosed previously unrecognised hypothyroidism in 12% of overweight patients, allowing them to begin targeted treatment.

Creating Personalised Weight Loss Plans:

GPs can recommend diet and exercise plans tailored to individual health profiles. For those struggling with significant weight issues, they may suggest evidence-based pharmacological options like GLP-1 receptor agonists. A study demonstrated that patients receiving GP-led personalised weight loss plans lost an average of 7.5% of their body weight over 12 months compared to 2.5% in those relying on self-directed efforts.

When Specialist Referral Becomes Necessary

Not all weight loss challenges can be effectively managed by a GP alone. In cases involving complex medical conditions or plateaued progress despite interventions, a referral to a specialist may be necessary.

Examples of Specialist Care:

Endocrinologists:

Treat hormonal disorders like hypothyroidism, PCOS, or Cushing's syndrome, which can impede weight loss. Research revealed that patients with undiagnosed insulin resistance treated by endocrinologists experienced significant improvements in weight and metabolic health when prescribed medications like metformin.

Dietitians:

Provide tailored nutritional counselling and meal planning, addressing dietary imbalances or nutrient deficiencies. A clinical trial showed that patients working with a dietitian lost 15% more weight over six months compared to those using general diet advice alone.

Medicated Weight Loss:

For individuals struggling with severe obesity, medicated weight loss options like GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., Wegovy, Mounjaro) can be highly effective. Clinical studies have shown that patients using these medications can lose up to 15–20% of their initial body weight over the course of a year, with significant improvements in conditions like type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure.

These treatments are available privately outside the NHS through services like ours, SheMed Healthcare, a doctor-led service specialising in women’s medical weight loss. We include a comprehensive blood test to ensure the treatment is safe and suitable for you. Find out if you're eligible and begin your journey from just £99.

Conclusion

Medical considerations are not just an optional step in weight loss—they are the foundation for success, especially for women facing unique health and lifestyle challenges. By reviewing your medical history, understanding the role of medications, and consulting with healthcare professionals, you can uncover hidden barriers and address them effectively. Whether it’s a thyroid condition, a side effect of medication, or a hormonal imbalance, identifying the root causes of weight gain or loss resistance can make all the difference.

Medicated Weight loss is a complex process that requires more than diet and exercise. With the right medical guidance and a personalised approach, you can take control of your health and achieve sustainable results. If you’re feeling stuck or overwhelmed, remember that seeking professional advice is a sign of strength, not weakness. Your GP, dietitian, or specialists like us can provide the tools and support you need to succeed.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Why is it important to consider medical history in weight loss?

Medical history helps identify underlying conditions like thyroid issues, PCOS, or insulin resistance that can make weight loss more challenging. Addressing these conditions can improve your chances of success and prevent complications during your weight loss journey.

2. How can medications affect weight loss?

Certain medications, like antidepressants, corticosteroids, and some diabetes drugs, can cause weight gain or interfere with metabolism. On the other hand, medications like GLP-1 receptor agonists can support weight loss by suppressing appetite and improving blood sugar control. Consulting your GP can help determine the best options for you.

3. When should I see a specialist for weight loss?

If you’ve been struggling to lose weight despite following a healthy diet and exercise routine, or if you have a condition like PCOS, diabetes, or hypothyroidism, it may be time to consult a specialist. Endocrinologists and dietitians can provide targeted care for complex cases.

4. Can my GP help me create a personalised weight loss plan?

Yes, GPs can assess your medical history, order relevant tests, and create a tailored weight loss plan based on your unique health profile. They may also recommend treatments or refer you to specialists for additional support.

5. Are there specific blood tests I should take before starting a weight loss programme?

Common blood tests include thyroid function tests, fasting blood glucose, lipid profiles, and vitamin D levels. These tests can reveal issues like hormonal imbalances, nutrient deficiencies, or metabolic conditions that may impact weight loss. Learn more about SheMed blood test here.

6. Are weight loss medications safe for women?

Weight loss medications approved in the UK, such as Wegovy, have undergone rigorous testing and are generally safe when used under medical supervision. However, they are not suitable for everyone. A consultation with your GP can help determine if they are right for you.

7. How do hormonal imbalances affect weight loss?

Hormonal imbalances, such as those caused by PCOS or menopause, can slow metabolism, increase fat storage, and lead to weight gain. Addressing these imbalances with appropriate medical care can significantly improve weight loss outcomes.

8. How can I ensure my weight loss journey is safe and effective?

Start by consulting your GP for a comprehensive health assessment, including medical history, medications, and any underlying conditions. Follow a balanced diet, incorporate regular physical activity, and seek support from healthcare professionals for guidance and accountability.

9. What role does stress play in weight loss resistance?

Chronic stress can increase cortisol levels, which promotes fat storage, particularly in the abdominal area. Stress management techniques like mindfulness, yoga, or counselling can help mitigate its effects and support weight loss efforts.

‍

References

National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2020). Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. In Bookshelf (NBK551568). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551568/
Müller, T. D., Finan, B., Bloom, S. R., D'Alessio, D. A., Tschöp, M. H., & DiMarchi, R. D. (2019). The role of incretin hormones in glucose homeostasis and diabetes management. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 15(6), 385-396. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6711558/
Azziz, R., Carmina, E., Dewailly, D., Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., Escobar-Morreale, H. F., & Franks, S. (2009). Polycystic ovary syndrome. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 5(1), Article 15. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19601724/
Dewailly, D., & Azziz, R. (2016). Polycystic ovary syndrome: Definition, aetiology, diagnosis and treatment. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 4(10), 887-898. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27068991/‍
National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2020). Polycystic ovary syndrome. In Bookshelf (NBK534249). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534249/

Subscribe to our Newsletter

Thank you! Your submission has been received!

Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form.